REVIEW PAPER
Application of eye-tracking in drivers testing: A review of research
 
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Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics)
 
 
Corresponding author
Alicja Bortkiewicz   

Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics, św. Teresy 8, 91-348 Łódź, Poland
 
 
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2015;28(6):941-54
 
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ABSTRACT
Recording and analyzing eye movements provide important elements for understanding the nature of the task of driving a vehicle. This article reviews the literature on eye movement strategies employed by drivers of vehicles (vehicle control, evaluation of the situation by analyzing essential visual elements, navigation). Special focus was placed on the phenomenon of conspicuity, the probability of perceiving an object in the visual field and the factors that determine it. The article reports the methods of oculographic examination, with special emphasis on the non-invasive technique using corneal reflections, and the criteria for optimal selection of the test apparatus for drivers in experimental conditions (on a driving simulator) and in real conditions. Particular attention was also paid to the helmet – or glass-type devices provided with 1 or 2 high definition (HD) camcorders recording the field of vision and the direction of gaze, and the non-contact devices comprising 2 or 3 cameras and an infrared source to record eye and head movements, pupil diameter, eye convergence distance, duration and frequency of eyelid blinking. A review of the studies conducted using driver eye-tracking procedure was presented. The results, in addition to their cognitive value, can be used with success to optimize the strategy of drivers training.
eISSN:1896-494X
ISSN:1232-1087
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