ORIGINAL PAPER
Health effects of manganese exposures for welders in Qingdao City, China
			
	
 
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				1
				Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
(Department of Occupational Health)
				 
			 
						
				2
				Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, USA
(Department of Environmental and Occupational Health)
				 
			 
										
				
				
		
		 
			
			
		
		
		
		
			
			 
			Online publication date: 2016-10-21
			 
		 		
		
		 
	
							
																				    		
    			 
    			
    				    					Corresponding author
    					    				    				
    					Arthur L.  Frank   
    					Drexel University School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, 3215 Market Street, 7th Floor,
Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
    				
 
    			
				 
    			 
    		 		
			
							 
		
	 
		
 
 
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2017;30(2):241-7
		
 
 
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ABSTRACT
Objectives: To document if manganese from welding causes health effects including neurological symptoms associated with
manganese exposure. Material and Methods: An anonymous questionnaire survey for a total of 505 welders at 3 welding
facilities in Qingdao City, China was administered and analyzed. Results: Numerous symptoms were reported by the welders
including difficulty with eyes for 43% of them, sore throat for 30% of them, and tremors were reported by over 18%
of them. Tremors were associated with longer periods of work as a welder and correlated with the relative cleanliness
at the 3 different facilities. Tremors did not correlate with smoking. Conclusions: Manganese-exposed welders reported
a variety of symptoms related to work and showed neurological disturbances that correlated with amount of exposure. Int
J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(2):241–247